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4 Stages of Testing for Primary Immunodeficiency

By June 6th, 2023No Comments1 min read

STAGE 1

  • History and physical examination
  • FBC and differential
  • Quantitative Immunoglobulin levels IgG, IgM, IgA

STAGE 2

  • Specific antibody responses (tetanus, diphtheria, pneumococcus)
  • Lymphocyte surface markers CD3/CD4/CD8/CD19/CD56
  • Total IgE

STAGE 3

  • Lymphocyte proliferation studies (mitogen/antigen stimulation or skin delayed-type hypersensitivity)
  • Neutrophil oxidation burst (if indicated)
  • Response to pneumococcal vaccine (for ages 2 years old and above)

STAGE 4

  • Complement screening CH50, specific complement components, AH50
  • Enzyme activity measurements (e.g., adenosine deaminase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase)
  • Phagocyte studies (e.g., surface glycoproteins, mobility, phagocytosis)
  • Neo antigen response to test antibody production
  • Other surface molecules for detailed immunophenotype (e.g., memory B cells, T/NK cell subpopulations)
  • Specific protein levels
  • Other function receptor quantification
  • Genetic test
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